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The absence of protective elements on railway tank wagons in case of accidents can lead to significant losses and adverse effects on the environment. This is especially the case for railway wagons for transportation of ignition matters. The article deals with the analysis of the protective elements structures. Two variants of protection are considered - anti-climbing devices and protective shields. A series of measurements and simulation analyses for the integration of protective elements have been made. Improved patented design variants are presented. For selected constructions, the results of strength calculations are given. The advantages of the proposed designs are evaluated.